State’s Forage Suffering Due to Drought, Fall Armyworms

Tifton, GA |

Summertime is usually a productive time for forage producers here in Georgia, however, mother nature had other plans as it’s been nothing short of a headache as at first there was too much rain, then not enough mixed with scorching temperatures. According to Lisa Baxter, State Forage Extension Specialist, though things have seemed to turn around lately, the effects from this year are far from over.

“I think the last time we had spoken in the spring, we were almost dealing with the opposite of now, where we were in too wet of conditions. We’ve, pivoted since then; don’t let the green grass behind me fool you, we’ve had some periods of pretty extreme drought throughout parts of Georgia. So the worst graphic that I saw, certainly 60 to 70% of our state was in some level of a D1 to D2 drought. The problem really was when that drought hit, because that was June to early July for a lot of us. We’re not feeling those effects as much now as what I anticipate we will six months from now, when everyone’s starting to feed hay, and there just isn’t going to be as much hay to feed,” says Lisa Baxter, State Forage Extension Specialist.

To make matters worse, the dry weather ended up giving fall armyworms a chance to become established, to which now, they have been found in more than seventy percent of the state’s counties.

“Sitting here today at the time of recording, we are actually at 70% of Georgia counties reporting damage from the fall armyworm. We have isolated reports every summer, but every 5 to 6 years, we hit this point of very widespread damage. We do tend to see these more widespread outbreaks in periods of drought, and we certainly had all of those kind of cards fall into place for us this summer. It’s very disheartening for a lot of producers, but the better you take care of your grass, the more they prefer that material,” says Baxter.

Baxter says what makes fall armyworms so challenging compared to other pests is how destructive they can truly be.

“The challenge with the fall armyworm, compared to a lot of other pests that we have, is they are entirely destructive, not just a portion of the plant. So, if you’re lucky, you just see a little bit of chewing on the leaf. Pretty typical what we’d see out in a in a hay field normally, but in these big widespread instances of damage, that’s where we start getting into total field loss if we’re not careful and being proactive with our insecticides,” says Baxter.

According to Baxter, the most important thing that can be done right now is being proactive and thinking ahead, as she believes resources may be hard to come by later in the year.

“So, if we’re sitting here today with a lot of uncertainty, we need to start thinking about culling sooner rather than later. Buying hay certainly sooner rather than later. Getting it tested, making sure we’re supplementing properly and again, making those decisions now, not in December or January when we’re really going to start feeling all of these confounding effects,” says Baxter.

Baxter recommends contacting your local extension office if you need assistance with managing fall armyworms or any other forage pest.

By: John Holcomb

Are Georgia’s farmlands disappearing?

Statesboro, GA |

In an age of constant change, traditional industries like agriculture are always at risk of being left behind. And that was never more evident than in the latest Ag census conducted by USDA, which shows more than twenty million acres of US farmland being lost to development since 2017. It’s a trend that is not so recent here in Georgia, as the state has really been feeling the effects for decades.

“Since 1974, we’ve lost two point four million acres of farmland to developments, and that’s row crop land. That’s not counting forestry land, to developments and warehouses. So, if you take that number and multiply, do another thirty years, you’re talking about another two point four million acres and of course, very, very fortunate Georgia is growing so fast and provide so many opportunities for people, but also, we also got to be cognizant that we’ve got to be able to feed our people too and feed the world,” says Sen. Billy Hickman, from Georgia’s 4th Congressional District.

It’s a delicate balancing act that the Georgia legislature is hoping to navigate with the newly formed Senate Study Committee on the Preservation of Georgia Farmlands chaired by Senator Hickman. Him along with six other state senators will hold meetings across the state in order to find the best solution in bridging this gap.

“We met last summer with thirty-five farmers in our community, and we heard their concerns about farmland. We got farmland in our community that’s renting for a hundred dollars and acre but it’s selling for twenty-five thousand dollars an acre for development or warehouse and all. So, we decided that with the Hyundai plant coming, that we’re very much supportive of it but we’ve got to have a balance between economic development and farmland,” says Hickman.

The goal is not just to gather facts, but also bring awareness to the problem. And in doing so, getting the attention of lawmakers in Atlanta in order to make some real change.

“I just finished my fourth year in the Senate and what I’ve learned in a very short period of time is that we can talk about all these things, and we can stand on the outside and sit on the curb and talk about it, but until the legislature buys in on something, that’s when things really gets happening. So, you know, we’ve had in the last, I guess every year I’ve been in the Senate, four years, we’ve had different, very good, significant farm bills, and this study committee is another thing that we’ll probably have two or three bills that will come out of this study committee,” says Hickman.

And that would be good news not just for the state’s number one industry and the tens of thousands of farmers that keep it running, but also future generations that hope to follow in their footsteps.

“What I have learned throughout this whole process  is the biggest detriment to our farmland, the preservation of our farmland, is uncontrolled growth. I’m from a small community; Statesboro, Georgia. And I’ve always said that I want our children to have an opportunity to live in Statesboro and Bulloch County if they choose to. I want it to a situation where they don’t have to move somewhere else to make a living. So, it really is a two-fold situation trying to maintain a balance between economic development and also maintain a balance between farmland,” says Hickman.

By: Damon Jones

Local Beef Creates a Local Restaurant Favorite

Bostwick, GA |

Here in the small town of Bostwick lays this small, quaint market café; Market 83, where inside you’ll find friendly faces, and fresh, mouthwatering smash burgers cooked to order. It’s a concept Stan and Venessa Nabors have always loved but thought it would look differently than it does now.

“Back when we first started selling our beef, one of Stan’s goals was he wanted to have a hamburger in a restaurant. So we tried that. We approached restaurants. We had restaurants approach us, and the door just felt like it kept slamming. So, just one day I told Stan jokingly, I said, ‘you know what? We’re going to have our own place one day where we can serve our own hamburgers using our ground beef'”, says Vanessa Nabors, Owner of Market 83.

That idea of course is now very much a reality for the Nabors, as they opened up the café last Fall. According to Vanessa, it has been nothing but a dream come true, as they’ve gotten to put their passion and hard work ethic to good use by raising a great herd of cattle that’s used to create fresh, wholesome food that people know exactly where its from.

“I told Stan, I said, ‘well, this will give us an opportunity where we’ll have a market, we can sell our beef, other local goods, and then we can have a cafe where we can serve hamburgers and hot dogs, milkshakes.’ I’m a lot like a lot of people out there; we just have that nostalgic side to us, and again, we all know how our food is nowadays, and I just wanted a place where people could come and have a good hamburger and good quality food,” says Nabors.

Nabors says that business continues to thrive, and says that what they’ve found to be most important to both them and their customers, is continuing to produce and offer great tasting products people know is produced locally, whether that be fresh ground beef and steaks they can take home to cook themselves, or even a burger and milkshake cooked to order in their cafe.

“What drives the passion for Stan and I and our goal here for Market 83 is to continue to have good food that people can come here and know that they’re going to get a good meal. The quote that I use is ‘a taste that you’ll remember’ because nowadays it is hard to go out to a restaurant and really taste the fresh quality that a lot of us are used to having when we were growing up, because we get a lot of people say, ‘oh yeah, we grew up and we would harvest a cow and have it in the freezer, and my grandmother would have a garden, and we’d always have fresh veggies to eat.’ So, I feel like we’re able to bring some of that back here at Market 83,” says Nabors.

By: John Holcomb

Refreshing Spot for Locally Made Ice Cream

Boston, GA |

With record-breaking temperatures sweeping across Georgia, agritourism spots like F and C Farms have become quite popular, as they offer visitors freshly churned ice cream to help beat the heat. It’s a destination that began from a simple idea.

“We just knew that we loved ice cream. We enjoy going to some of the other local ice cream places. We just love the atmosphere, and we really didn’t know that it was needed. So, it’s, it’s sort of quickly grown into what it is today and it has become sort of an experience for people to come to,” says Sheila Cox, Owner of F & C Family Farm.

They have been coming in droves since opening their doors, as it has become a go to family spot for those in the community.

“It’s been great. From the time they found out what this was going to be, we have had an overwhelming response from people. We’ve got the playground. My husband and I love children anyways. We love seeing people having fun. We love having fun ourselves, and to be able to combine that with ice cream just seemed like the perfect scenario,” says Cox.

While the atmosphere might be what keeps them there, it’s the homemade ice cream that brings them in. It’s why making sure each customers get some of the highest quality ice cream, no matter how much work it takes, is such a priority.

“Usually, the ice cream that you have this week or next week was made just a few days before you’re going to have it. We use our strawberries for instance. It’s right off of our farm. It’s the fresh ingredients that we find, it’s not the ice cream you would buy in the store. It’s natural ingredients that we use and it’s a lot of work to keep it fresh. We make it every week and so it’s fresh coming to you every week,” says Cox.

That’s not the only thing that’s fresh, as this family run operation has a little bit of everything at their market. And in the fall, they offer a unique U-Pick experience.

“We always have the porch. It has your jams, jellies, ciders just a different variety of things that you can’t pick up at your normal grocery store. We have watermelons. We’re in the middle of summer, of course watermelons, vegetables, and in the fall, we’ll have the U-Pick satsumas. So, families can come out and we provide everything you need to pick satsumas. It’s a great experience,” says Cox.

By: Damon Jones

GFB Young Farmers and Ranchers Gather for Summer Leadership Conference

Jekyll Island, GA |

There was plenty of fellowship, learning, and friendly competition this year on Jekyll Island as Georgia Farm Bureau held its annual Young Farmer and Rancher Summer Leadership Conference – an event that aims to engage like-minded members by giving them the community and confidence they need to advocate and protect the state’s ag industry back home.

“What we hope when people come and experience summer leadership conference is that they really, number one, gain confidence, confidence to advocate for agriculture and for the industry, confidence to be successful in their operations or in their jobs, but also, more than anything, we want them to gain community. We want them to find fellow members that are like minded. Sometimes agriculture can be really challenging. It’s a challenging field and so having those people that they can call and lean on, that are going through similar life stages and things in life is just really helpful,” says Breanna Berry, GFB Leadership Programs Coordinator.

The importance of the yearly event can’t be overstated, as Berry says this event is tailored specifically with GFB’s young farmers and ranchers in mind.

“It’s one of the few opportunities that these members have to get off of the farm and get together and network with each other, meet each other, but also hopefully take valuable information that they’ve gained from breakout sessions or keynote speakers, or just sitting down at the dinner table with fellow members back to their operation, back to their homes and communities and implement those,” says Berry.

Of course, no conference would be complete without a theme, and this year, that theme was “Digging in”, which describes the passion and grit producers have for the ag industry and the opportunities a conference like this one can offer them.

“I think it was best expressed by our speaker yesterday, Joey Jones, but what he spoke about during that, presentation was about responsibility. I think that that’s a great way to describe digging in, because we have to dig in in our communities, our counties, on our farms or on our ranches, and figure out what those responsibilities are that we need to do each and every day to be successful in our operations. So, I think the conference really embodies that. It’s a challenge for us to dig in and figure out what it is that we’re going to take home, to employ, to make our operations better, to take that responsibility that we have and producing food and fiber for our growing world,” says Cleve Jackson, State YF&R Chair.

As stated, the conference also offers educational opportunities, one of which is the important component of the YF&R program and organization as a whole; advocacy, in which members got to hear why staying engaged with elected officials is crucial.

“One of the big things we talked about today with advocacy was not only advocating to other farmers that are in your community and explaining the importance to them of getting out and voting, but also advocating in the more traditional sense to elected officials. Elected officials this time of year are on the campaign trail, they’re out and getting out and seeing constituents, and they’re very active this time of year. They’re hosting a lot of events and we encourage our folks to do is to get out and take those opportunities for these public meetings, take the opportunity to get out to these candidate forums and these fundraisers and things like that, and really get in front of their elected officials,” says Adam Belflower, GFB Governmental Affairs Specialist.

By: John Holcomb

Georgia Shrimpers Struggling to Stay Afloat

Brunswick, GA |

Ask any visitor to the Georgia coast what they’re hoping to eat, and seafood will likely to be the overwhelming favorite, specifically freshly caught shrimp. However, the industry has really struggled over the past year, due mainly to overseas competition.

“It’s no secret that shrimp’s the number one type of seafood we eat here in this country and that there’s a large dependence on foreign shrimp, but because of the pandemic, and because of market shifts, you had a lot of foreign shrimp flood the market this past year that weren’t able to in previous years get here. That just overabundance of imported shrimp coming into the market really made it challenging for our domestic industry to really move their products,” says Bryan Fluech, Associate Marine Director at UGA.

For that reason, shrimpers have either had to find creative ways to market their products like direct-to-consumer sales and prepackaged meals or get out of the business completely.

“When you take into all the overhead costs of maintaining your boat, trying to find a crew, being able to get a price that can compete with what you see on the foreign level, it really makes it challenging economically for a lot of the industry members to stay in it,” says Fluech.

That’s why buying local whenever possible is so important despite the higher price tag, as you’re not just paying for quality and freshness, but also supporting the Georgia economy.

“When consumers go to the grocery store and they see why is this shrimp so much more expensive than one that might come from another country, you got to realize what goes into that from the minute it’s harvested, to handle, process and distributed. I think that’s a key message. Every time you buy that local shrimp or that domestic product, you’re helping to provide some economic stability in a very challenging environment right now for our industry,” says Fluech.

It’s been that way for the past decade, which is why the future of Georgia’s shrimping industry is in such doubt, with the next generation looking for other options.

“Traditionally, shrimping and a lot of our commercial fishermen, these are typically traditions that were passed on through generations. A lot of that younger generation are saying, ‘we’re not going to get into it.’ So, there is that concern of where is our industry going to come from. Because it’s not just the, the fishermen themselves, but do we have the processors? Do we have the distributors? I mean, when we look at our food systems, whether we’re talking about a land based ag product or a fish, we have to have an intact food system and that is something that has made it more and more challenging for people to stay in,” says Fluech.

It’s a harsh reality that could have a major impact on a number of communities along Coastal Georgia.

“This is part of that identity of the Georgia coast when they come here. Being able to see these shrimp boats or somebody harvesting crabs, that’s something not only from a cultural aspect, but from an economic aspect that a lot of our smaller coastal communities vitally depend on and it has ramifications through tourism and other sectors along our coast,” says Fluech.

By: Damon Jones

Garden Consultant on a Mission to Inspire, Educate Others

Blairsville, GA |

For Erika Nolan, this is her happy place, this is her passion, as several years ago, she became interested in growing plants and vegetables that are healthy, wholesome, and nutritious; not just for her though, as she says helping others do the same is without a doubt her calling.

“I was so obsessed with plants, and I was so obsessed with spreading the word of how to grow food and optimize your health, that I came to a place where I decided this is how I can change the world, is through health and through growing your own food. Because whether it’s meat or eggs or vegetables, none of it is the same at the grocery as it is when you grow it on your own homestead. The nutritional value is optimal. So, in order to optimize your health and get everything you need, learning how to do it, even on a small scale, is empowering,” says Erika Nolan, Garden & Homestead Consultant.

Nolan says she became so obsessed she decided to start her own business called Instar, in which she consultants anyone, anywhere in the world that is interested in starting their own homestead.

“I realized that I was able to connect with people and communicate to help them individually, and that as my social media was growing, I could help people virtually from anywhere. So at that point, I started consulting and I’ve worked with people in almost every state of the United States. I’ve worked with people out of the country, from Australia to Egypt, and it’s all just taken off from there,” says Nolan.

According to Nolan, interest in homesteading has become popular over the last decade or so, but the COVID-19 pandemic really peaked people’s interests as shelves became empty and fears about health became reality.

“I think the pandemic did have such a huge influence on the homesteading movement. One because of health, but two because of the lack of resources and people getting freaked out by seeing grocery stores empty and needing to provide for their family. So, there was this sense of urgency to figure it all out. I’m optimistic about it not just being a trend, because there was a point in time where this was just a lifestyle. So as soon as more people hop on board and see the value in homesteading, which a lot has to do with health, a lot of it has to do is straight up independence. Then I could see us kind of returning back to our roots,” says Nolan.

As you can see, Nolan and her family are very much living out her philosophy, something she finds extremely important as she wants to show people what a sustainable homestead can look like.

“I often relate eating home grown food to watching a movie film in color for the first time, which I know a lot of us can’t necessarily relate to, but if you could imagine only seeing movies in black and white, and then all of a sudden seeing The Wizard of Oz in color and thinking, ‘oh, there’s a whole another world out there,’ that’s what it’s like with tasting your own homegrown food, raising your own eggs with your chickens, or anything else. So, it’s very important to be able to demonstrate what I’m doing through some educational content, and also just plain up inspiration,” says Nolan.

By: John Holcomb

Farmers Dealing with Heat, Drought and Storms

Watkinsville, GA |

Some of Georgia’s biggest crops like peanuts, cotton and corn are now in the ground. And so far, Mother Nature has been less than kind, with temperatures being well above average despite the highs never reaching triple digits, due mainly to the increased heat at night.

“We’re seeing temperatures not get down that low. So, we’re seeing a lot of this moisture. The moisture causes problems for fungal diseases, causes problems for some crops like corn that need cooler temperatures to do well, causes problems for livestock because livestock are mammals just like us and they need cooler temperatures, really to do well too,” says Pam Knox, Agricultural Climatologist.

However, the biggest concern is the complete absence of rain in some areas of the state as 158 different counties are reporting drought conditions, including 16 of those in severe drought. And while an increase in precipitation is forecasted over the next month, it is likely to be pretty spotty.

“It may not be in the same part of the state every time. One, they’re not going to move very fast because we’re not in really much in the way of jet streams right now, but they’re going to move a little bit. And so, they develop in one place, drop rain there, wet up the soil so that the next day, that can start to produce thunderstorms. Over time, you would hope that it would kind of distribute over the area, but thunderstorm rain is really spotty and even within a county, you could get no rain on one part of the county and several inches on the other part,” says Knox.

This increased heat might also cause problems later in the summer, as the warm ocean waters indicate tropical storms are likely to be in the rise this year.

“The tropics will really start to pick up, probably around mid-August. It’s supposed to be a really busy year. The ocean is hot. There’s not much wind shear because we’re in neutral conditions right now, headed for La Nina. And so, once the storms start popping, we could see a lot of storms coming in, almost like a freight train,” says Knox.

That means farmers will need to be prepared to harvest their crop on a moment’s notice if the situation arises to maximize their yields.

“People that are worried about timing of harvesting are really going to have to watch carefully because you’re going to want to know when those storms are coming in and you’re going to want to be able to prepare for that. So, this year, the real watch word is get ready now. Make sure you got your paperwork in order. Make sure you know what to do. Make sure you got plans for your workers and your families and so on just in case,” says Knox.

The big question is whether these unprecedented conditions are a trend or just an anomaly. While predicting the future is anything but certain, Knox says the former is definitely a possibility.

“I don’t know that there’s been any studies say that there’s a trend towards this in the future, but it’s something we have to keep in mind because the tropics are kind of expanding as the earth gets warmer. That means we’re going to be in in the area of the tropics where the air is descending as it does over the Sahara Desert and the US Southwest and so on. So, we could see more frequent patterns of these high pressures that just dominate the area,” says Knox.

By: Damon Jones

Control options for fall armyworms

The fall armyworm is by far the most important caterpillar pest in pastures and hayfields. These pests can quickly decimate a field of any forage crop, often selecting higher quality material first. If not controlled, the FAW can cause severe economic damage and total forage loss. Reports of fall armyworm have rapidly increased over the last week across the Southeastern US.

Scouting for fall armyworms and their damage 

Careful scouting is the best way to prevent economic losses. The University of Georgia Extension Service recommends using an insect sweep net to identify low populations of fall armyworms before significant feeding damage occurs. Sweep samples should be collected in the early in the morning and late in the afternoon when the fall armyworms are more prevalent. Some birds such as geese or cattle egrets may serve as an indicator of armyworm activity, but this is not always guaranteed especially in the Coastal Plains where the birds are always present. 

Unfortunately, fall armyworms usually go unnoticed until feeding damage occurs. Damage can appear differently depending on the forage type and conditions. Fall armyworms prefer high-quality, well-maintained forage and they will select high quality pastures and hayfields first. Most damage begins with ragged leaves or areas with stripped stems. In hayfields or pastures with tall growth, damage can be devastating with nearly all tender green vegetation being removed. 

Damage may appear as thinned out grass and brown spots in overgrazed pastures which may be misdiagnosed as drought damage. The damaged patch will usually increase in size as the fall armyworm population builds. The brown color results from dehydration of plant tissues following fall armyworm feeding. Often the only vegetation left in the field after a severe fall armyworm infestation will be tough stems. Fall armyworm outbreaks are more prevalent during drought because some of their natural enemies are less active under these adverse conditions. 

 Prevention and Control 

Textbook treatment thresholds are typically recommended at three fall armyworm larvae per square foot, but weather and forage demand may dictate a more conservative threshold. Harvesting a hay crop may be the best option for armyworm control if hay is close to cutting time and the fall armyworms are at the fully grown larvae stage. 

If insecticides are required, be sure to follow all label instructions. Insecticides are labelled for specific life stages of the fall armyworm. In general, small caterpillars are easier to control than larger ones and insecticides are only recommended when the fall armyworms are less than ¾” long. Several insecticides are available for young larva, but we should pay careful attention to grazing or harvesting restrictions related to these products. The products recommended for use in Georgia are listed in the graphic below. You may want to consider a residual control option. Products vary in their length of residual control and application cost, so you will need to determine the potential returns on this investment. For more specific insecticide recommendations for your area, please consult with your local Extension Agent.

By: Dr. Lisa Baxter – University of Georgia State Forage Extension Specialist

Sweet Watermelons Available Despite Weather Challenges

Rochelle, GA |

Nothing says summertime quite like a big, juicy, sweet watermelon. Thankfully, Georgia has plenty of producers that grow them, pack them, and get them into stores for people to enjoy during the summer months. One operation that’s busy doing just that is Bloodworth Farms, as they’re right in the middle of harvesting – something they’re no doubt excited to see after having to plant later than expected and having to endure a challenging growing season.

“It was really, really wet in the early spring, we were struggling to get field work done. We hold a lot of water here, our dirt’s kind of heavy, so it made tillage and things like it very difficult. We were down to the date, we had a set date of planting somewhere around March the 20th, but the rain didn’t stop. We got them planted. The rain kept coming, kept coming and we battled disease. You can see these fields right here, they look beautiful compared to what they did a month ago, because the disease from the rain was just hard,” says Clayton Bloodworth with Bloodworth Farms.

Thankfully, the harvest season is going much better, as Bloodworth says the rains have slacked off, which allows them to get in and out of their fields with ease.

“It’s been perfect, the busses can travel down the drive roads. They can get up and down. We still have enough soil moisture that has kept the plants going. We had to supplement a little bit with overhead irrigation, but all in all, harvest season has been as good as you can ask for,” says Bloodworth.

However, Bloodworth says another challenge this year has been his overall cost of production continuing to rise, which in the end, gets passed along to the consumer and can end up creating issues with demand.

“I did not realize how far over my initial budget I was and just didn’t really take into consideration the cost of the machinery, the cost of our repairs, the daily inputs. It might not be a big increase, but at the end, when every single one of them has increased a little bit, little bit, little bit, the bottom line is it has greatly increased over the production that we’ve had in the past three or four years, and it’s going to be a continuing problem because this cost is going to have to trickle down to the consumer. And where’s that fine line where that consumer is going to say, ‘hey, I can’t afford to buy this. This is a luxury item. This isn’t a staple’,” says Bloodworth.

Despite those challenges this season though, Bloodworth says the crop has turned out to be worth the headache, as demand for watermelons has remained steady.

“So far, the demand has been good. The price fluctuated dramatically between the Florida market to the Georgia market. I was really expecting the prices to be borderline ‘hey, is it even going to be worth picking?’ But they’ve been decent. We’ve had a lot better, but to be honest with you, we’ve been very fortunate,” says Bloodworth.

By: John Holcomb